Your Questions

Q

I read The Fort which I enjoyed very much and just read Death of Kings, also terrific.  In Death of Kings Uhtred's stallion Borg rears and comes down and chews up the enemy's face?  Did you write this from imagination or is there a source for using horses in this way early on?  How would you train a horse so specifically to do this without having it savage a nearby slave or other expendable person?  I saw an on line debate about how horses were used in this period and the sources I saw mentioned horses but didn't particularly say how they were used.  Also, Uhtred for all his use of swords never gets them sharpened anywhere like at a farrier's.  What did the traveling warrior do?
Patty

A

There is a source, and it’s Napoleonic – horses snapping at the enemy. I don’t have the reference to hand, but a cavalryman talks of his horse ripping off a face (ugh!). John Dickson, in his memories of Waterloo, speaks of his horse snapping at the enemy. I’m guessing Saxon horses were no different?


Q

The Pagan lord was fantastic. Easily the best Uhtred book since the Pale Horseman.

My question is about the fighting quality of the Danes. As the Danes settled in Northumbria, Mercia and East Anglia did the standard of their fighting men drop as boats of blood thirsty Vikings became settlers and farmers of England's Danish occupied kingdoms? Did the Danes eventually have to call upon a fyrd like army?

Thank you for the many, many books.
James Trethowan

A

I think it’s fair to say that the first boat-crews were comprised of hungry men who were quite prepared to use savagery in the knowledge that their own homes were safely out of vengeance’s reach, and that after they settled they became a lot more circumspect. That said, they lived in uncertain times, and no one ever underestimated Danish fighting prowess – and yes, there was afyrd like structure!


Q

Dear Mr Cornwell,

I am a big fan of your novels, and being proud of my Black Country heritage I have really enjoyed the Warrior Chronicles and was delighted to get a copy of "The Pagan Lord" today.

I am interested in place names and think the index is an excellent feature of your novels, and one in which they surpass other historical novels, which don't help you place them in a geographical context.

However, I am sorry, but I think that there is an error in the place names index. I am actually from a place near Wolverhampton that is called Wednesfield and used to be Wodnesfeld(e) in Saxon - Viking times. In fact my school was called Woden Avenue CP and had a Viking longboat as its badge. The battle of Wodnesfeld was fought there.

In your index you say that Wodnesfeld was Wednesbury (in fact the same entry is printed twice in the list. I believe that you may have intended to show 2 place names (although I have not yet read the book), namely Wodnesfeld = Wednesfield, and Wodnesburg = Wednesbury. For the record, I married a red headed girl from Wodensburg.

I recall a history teacher taking us through the local names (including Teotenhale) and telling us that Wednesfield and Wednesbury were two of the few places in England to carry the Woden/Odin prefix because they were the last Viking strongholds to fall.

I hope you don't mind me bringing this typo to your attention.

Kind Regards

Andy Crane
(now of Tunbridge wells, Kent)

A

My source for all those names is usually the Cambridge Dictionary of English place-names, but what you say does sound very plausible, thank you!


Q

Hey, Bernard!
I have just found your website and would like to congratulate you on the sheer enjoyment I have had from reading your books.
I have read I believe all of the Sharpe's books, and enjoyed them even more on audio where I think you can imagine the scenes better if someone tells the story to you! (If I'm traveling far I will always have a story on rather than music).
I would also like to know when you will be finishing the Starbuck Chronicles as 'The war has to end!' We all know the confederates lose, but its how they lose and how the Southern States rebuild afterwards. What does Starbuck do after the war?
Anyway, I just thought I would like to say Hi
Kind Regards
Chris Busby

I love the 4 Starbuck books.  Will there be more? There is so much left unanswered.
Thank you for the effort you put forth in your research, it made it come alive.
Regards
Rodney Bowman

Hello Mr. Cornwell,
First, thank you for putting your talent and enormous story telling skills out there for us to enjoy and look forward too.  I am a late Cornwell fan but I've been beating your drum amongst my piers for a couple of years now.  I've been through the Grail Quest series (nicely done, by the way), started the Sharpe series (only on book two), but what won me over was the Starbuck Chronicles.  I get this guy and I like him.  Though I am in my late 40's, I can rally to Nate's situation in his early 20's.  And your brilliant development of Truslow and Swynyard was very well done.
So to get to the point, are there any plans to resurrect this series?  I know its selfish of me because I've just finished a 15 year old series and I am sure this question has been asked before.  But I would love to see Billy Blithe get taken care of properly, Sally getting what she wants, that poor Rothwell widow and family taken care of, and see how Nate handles things.
When LC Maitland told Nate that Nate could not see and comprehend the good things that fell his way was brilliant in sight.
Anyway, nicely done, sir, all around.  I've committed to finishing your Sharpe series and the Arthur Books have been highly recommended.  I am also going to re-read my favorite Forester and O'Brian books.  All thanks to you.
Take care.
Scott Lefforge
(and yes my call sign is Geordi)

A

I hope there will be more Starbuck!


Q

Hello Mr Cornwell
So, when reading Bernard Cornwell's 'Azincourt' it seems really, genuinely clear that it was going to be a Robin Hood novel. It's a great book and I'm sure that you are rightly proud of it, but I have to wonder how/why the decision was made to pull it back from being 'Cornwell does Robin Hood'.
of course, it could be coincidence, but then when I put it all down on paper:
Main character is called Hook (not Hood), a roguish archer
He fights alongside a burly man at arms Sir John who is a big bruiser and skilled combatant.
One of his mates is called Scarlet.
Another is called Sclate (the early robin hood ballads possibly used sclate or scathlock instead of scarlet - the word scarlet being a likely confusion with character of Alan Adale who was described as wearing scarlet). There's also the possibility that Sclate could be a corruption of Skeat (another of Robin's men, but avoided in name due to the similarity with a character in your earlier Harlequinn novels)
While I'm on the subject of Alan Adale, another of Hook's friends is called Will of the Dale.
Another is called Evelgold (a change of the name 'Gamblegold' an identity that robin assumes in order to go to Nottingham disguised as a potter).
Another character is described a 'the Miller's Son' (referring perhaps to Much the Miller's son in the later ballads)
there's even a scene when a few of the 'merry men' get killed and their deaths are described with the phrase 'and red blood splashed the greenwood'.

So where does this leave us?
Clearly with a fantastic novel, but a subtext that perhaps there was an intended Robin Hood angle that was cut or dropped during editing.
One thing the Robin Hood ballads did do well was serialised short adventures and since you are (to all intents and purposes) the king of serialised historical fiction, I can't help but feel a little sorry that we missed out on 100-years-war-era Robin-Hood-as-Richard-Sharpe.

I have to ask; any truth in my wild ravings, or am I just seeing shadows in the trees?

faithfully
-Tom Owen

A

You’re seeing quite wonderful shadows, but unintentional ones!  That was very perspicacious, and I hadn’t seen it before (really!). Hook’s name, like many of the others, was taken from the Agincourt muster rolls which still exist in Britain’s Public Records Office. As for the rest? A coincidence, I think! Thank you


Q

Dear Mr. Cornwell,

I just finished your two recent books, Death of Kings and 1356, and the insight your writing provides into early and medieval English history and warfare continues with the most fascinating details.  Details of weaponry, shield walls, personalities, and, perhaps uniquely, of "how to run a business".  As in the pillaging of France, or protecting the frontiers of Wessex.  How to manage the people who work for you and reward them, how to find good new hires, and how to train them.  And, considering King Edward and his ecclesiastical counsellors, how not to manage a kingdom and a war.

Your books have such delicious detail, I often feel like Genevieve saying to Thomas "tell me again", wanting him to repeat the story of his getting rid of Cardinal Bessieres and Father Marchant.  And even in her example at the end of the book - tell us more.  They were such deliciously evil men, fully typical of far too many church leaders of the time, but indeed letting them off a volume or two back made me want to read the latest volume even more so.

There were two details that might bear further coverage later.  One is the failure of the arrows to penetrate Sculley's armor in the Monastery.  Was there a quality problem in the manufacture of the points, and if so what might it have been and how might it have been fixed?  It could have just been quality control with so many aspects and "subcontractors" involved, as the text mentions, or it might be metallurgical.

I am peripherally involved in the metallurgical business and am aware of groups that explore the subject of early iron manufacture in England, for example.  There are impurities that might help (manganese or nickel) and those that might not (phosphorus).  In this era, the iron foundrymen could barely understand what they were dealing with, so depending upon where the ore came from being used by one iron master vs. that for another, they might or might not make good metal for arrows.

This was not trivial.  For example, Bessemer, the great developer of the art of making steel from iron, succeeded only because the iron he was using did not have phosphorus in it.  And he did not know that.  Iron in the book's time frame would have been made with charcoal, and charcoal can add phosphorus to the iron.  If the charcoal has been made from the branches, say, of a tree it will be higher in phosphorus as opposed to charcoal made from the heartwood.  Iron mongers became aware of this charcoal problem in the 19th century, but prior to that it would have been a matter of happenstance.  Sorcery even!

Another was much less fascinating but might make a good "detail" for the reader.  This is who was the inexperienced idiot that tried to manage the wagon train crossing the river at the beginning of the battle?  Was he a monk like Edward might have sent 550 years earlier, or a favorite like several you mention, perhaps out of the Earl of Warwick's court?  In any case, what happened to him?  Did his incompetence come home to roost (as in maybe the wagon tipped over on him and he drowned in the river), or was he promoted!  Maybe we can see him in a later book continuing his fumbling ways.

Thank you again for doing such a wonderful job researching and writing your books.  I've read most nearly all of them, even those about sailing in recent times.  Very good storytelling.

Sincerely,
Larry M. Southwick
Cincinnati, Ohio

A

The ‘steel’ first – yes, there was a huge problem with quality control of arrowheads!  Remember this was a massive industry . . an expedition to France would need millions of arrows (literally, millions) and they were manufactured all across England by smiths who, presumably, cared more about profit than quality. They did know that adding bones (carbon) to the furnace hardened the steel, but it was extremely hit or miss, and the result was that arrowheads frequently crumpled on contact with armour; one of the chroniclers at Poitiers makes that specific point, that the arrows crumpled rather than pierced.  But even a collapsing arrow struck with sufficient force to knock a man backwards!  One thing that astonished me when I did the research is that the hundreds of thousands of arrows which struck the first battle of French men-at-arms advancing at Agincourt did not stop them. They still reached the English line more or less intact, which is not to disparage the archers. They caused the French endless trouble (try wading through mud wearing 70lbs of armour and being constantly struck by missiles that jolt you backwards) and they forced the French to advance with closed visors that restricted their breathing and vision. And, of course, even a badly made arrow would do damage to a horse, but yes, you make a good point, unlike many of the blacksmiths!

The guy whose wagon overturned?  None of the choniclers give his name or fate, just that it happened, so I’m afraid I can’t enlighten you!


Q

Dear Mr Cornwell,
I've been curious to find out why, in Sharpe's Regiment, was Wickford mentioned?
I live in Wickford and prior to that in Rettendon and thought that perhaps it was something to do with the Rettendon Turnpike or that Wickford was a Market Town? I await your reply with interest
Julia Wood

A

I think for no other reason than I grew up near Wickford!


Q

hi Mr Cornwell
I am looking forward to the next adventure regarding the odyssey of uhtred sword of the saxons. i have a couple questions reqarding  a passage at the end of the lords of the north regarding his daughter as the mother of kings? Will Uhtred and his daughter have an encounter with Rollo the newly appointed duke of  Normandy or his son and heir  willam( both being  ancestors to a bastard that is unimportant to the future of uhtreds native land )   with the results of  a supposedly diplomatic trip there that could fire  something up in the long run ? Or will uhtred be forced  to make a peace cow of his daughter to a fairly unimportant  but  somewhat  powerful regional king in denmark named Harthachut?  Or perhaps to his heir who will be  insignificantly  named gorm and the marriage their could lead to something unexpected in that land and surrounding lands particularly the infant nation currently being created by uhtreds former  current and future  leige lords (and lady) . Either way
i know everyone will find the events surrounding Stiorras marriage to be  very interesting to say the least, not to mention the attitudes and reputation of the father of the bride that will   make her wedding one of the most unforgettable ones of the dark ages
peace out

Mike

A

I honestly have no idea what the answer is!  I suspect Rollo (Hrolf?) because, as you say, there’s the long run! I’ve been reading about Hrolf (Rollo?) so I suspect the stories will visit Normandy sometime!


Q

Sir,
Where do you weigh in on King Richard III final resting place debate?  I have been doing my best to follow the debate and I find the arguments very intriguing.

I also wanted you to know that Nick Hook inspired me to get involved in war bows. Nick motivated me to join a war bow club, exercise,  and buy a war bow. Ive meet great people and I have had a blast. I am pulling better all the time and made friends all over the world. As a life long archer,  I never believed that I could pull a 100 pound bow. Thanks Nick.

Jim McElroy,

Pennsylvania.

A

I’m neutral!  But if forced to a vote? Leicester.

 


Q

Hello again Bernard,

I contacted you a while ago with a complaint of sorts regarding the use of coarse language in your books, the complaint being terms and use of wording you seem to use come across to me as comical. You replied saying that you had run my comment past your editor and that you both were confused and didnt understand what i mean, so i shall explain.

Warriors/Soldiers going back to who knows when have been hard men with sometimes brutal personalities, they swear and have sworn with the same words that are considered vulgar and coarse words today, effing this and effing that, using sh*t and most crude of all the "C" word. So why on earth would you write displays bravado with characters like Uhtred with lines like:

"I will gut your gutless guts"

This is just one of many, many comical lines that have come across in scenes with Uhtred confronting someone. I mean really.... really? I have read and throughly enjoyed all of Warrior Chronicles but the terse language horrifically bad i mean if you were fired up and ready to shed blood, literally screaming at the enemy would you really use language so sterotypically bad that it wouldn't go amiss in monty python?

As i have said before i have taken a ancient history degree and learnt much of everyday life or Greeks, Assyrians, Romans, "Anglo Saxon/Medieval" periods to know that language was as crude then as it is now.
Ben

A

It was crude in the early 19th Century too, but I managed to write the Sharpe books without using language that would offend some readers. But I’m just delighted that the books amuse you! I do set out to amuse! Still, when you tire of laughing, I’m sure you can find historical novels far more to  your liking!